One of the major functions of magnesium is the maintenance of proper electric potential of neurons. Pathological conditions associated with systemic magnesium deficiencies may be associated with disturbance of numerous neurophysiological processes. These may include neuron function, transmission of nerve impulses, neuromuscular transmission, muscle contraction and vasomotor reflex. Therefore, magnesium deficiencies, particularly those associated with hypomagnesemia, are a source of problems for neurologists. Migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders. Despite many years of research, pathophysiology of migraine has not been elucidated. The predominant opinion is that the onset of migraine headaches is associated with cerebral vascular spasms. Based on the available knowledge of biological functions of magnesium, at least several feasible mechanisms for prevention or reduction of the intensity of migraine attacks by magnesium ions have been proposed. The goal of this review is to summarize the literature reports on magnesium in the pathogenesis of migraine and to identify the potential uses for magnesium compounds in prevention and treatment of migraine headaches.

17.2.2012