Analysis of nutritional value in feed mixtures and premixes produced by selected feed manufacturers in southeastern Kazakhstan for dairy farms
Issue: 1/2026
Recevied: September 12, 2025
Accepted: December 14, 2025
Published: December 14, 2025
Authors:
T. Kobzhassarov, J. Miciński, D. Baimukanov, A. Bissembayev, I. Chwastowska-Siwiecka, A. Sobczak, A. Seitmuranov
Categories: Agricultural
DOI: 10.5601/jelem.2025.30.3.3648
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to analyze the nutritional value of feed mixtures and premixes pro- duced by selected feed manufacturers in southeastern Kazakhstan for dairy farms. The feed mixtures produced in the analyzed feed mills differed significantly (p≤0.01 and p≤0.05) in terms of their basic nutrient content. The amino acid, mineral, and vitamin composition of the feed mixtures was neither monitored nor balanced, except in the Good-Zhem feed mill, as the facili- ties did not produce mineral-vitamin premixes. For research purposes, the Kormovik and Vet Effect feed mills developed premixes for lactating cows, dry cows, and young cattle aged 6-12 months. The premixes contained high levels of minerals, including Ca, P, Mg, Na, Cl, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, Se, and I, as well as vitamins A, D, and E. For high-yielding cows from the OST group and for cows in the first dry period (period I), an antioxidant was added at levels of 177 mg kg-1 and 95 mg kg-1, respectively. Additionally, for low-yielding cows and cows in the second dry period (period II), supplementary vitamins were included: K, B1, B2, B4, B5, B6, B9, B12, and PP. The experimental premixes used in cattle feeding on the JSC AIC Adal farm allowed the main- tenance of milk yield in cows, kept there at the level of 8 000 kg of milk. The research shows that including a premix in cattle feed rations helps to balance ratios in terms of their nutritional value and content les better use of the animals’ genetic potential.
Citation:
JELEM / HARVARD
MDPI
AMA
CHICAGO
Keywords:
About issue:


